2022考研英语翻译：状语从句
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1.时间状语从句
(1)译成相应的时间状语
示例
While she heard from her mother，the tears were running down.
收到母亲的来信时，她泪水直流。
Please turn off the light when you leave the room.
离屋时请关灯。
(2)译成“一(刚/每)……就”的句式
示例
Hardly had we arrive when it began to rain.
我们一到就下雨了。
Directly he came in，there was a dead silence.
他刚一进来，大家就沉默下来。
(3)译成并列的分句
示例
He shouted as he ran.
他一边跑，一边喊。
She left when her father had not come back yet.
她父亲还没回来，她就离开了。
(4)译成条件句
示例
Turn off the machine when anything goes wrong.
如果机器发生故障，就关掉它。
They can’t start the job until they get their own rights.
如果没有得到应有的权利，他们不会开始工作的。
2.原因状语从句
(1)译成表示“原因”的分句，放在主句之前翻译，显示“前因后果”的关系。
示例
We have to cancel the conference since so many representatives are absent.
由于很多代表缺席，会议只好取消。
He failed because he was careless.
由于粗心，他最终失败了。
(2)译成“之所以……是因为”
示例
The boy was late because he had to look after his mother.
他之所以迟到是因为他得照顾他的母亲。
The data is valuable in that it can provid direct evidence.
数据之所以有价值，是因为它能提供直接的证据。
(3)“not …… because”的结构，注意的是否定意义的表达一定要确切，常译成“并不是因为”
示例
He doesn’t sing because singing is easy for him.
他之所以唱歌，并不是因为唱歌对他来说很容易。
The train did not stop because the fuel was used up.
火车停下来，并不是因为燃料耗尽了。
3.条件状语从句
(1)译在主语前面
示例
It was better in case it was l little warmer.
要是再暖和一点儿，那就更好了。
(2)译在主语后面，用来补充说明条件
示例
You can have a talk with him if you are ready.
你可以和他谈谈，如果你愿意的话。
No doubt you can complete the hard work if you really mean to.
无疑，你可以完成这个艰巨的任务，如果你真有那样的打算的话。
4.让步状语从句
示例
While it rather hot,they insist on working in the field.
天气虽然酷热，但他们仍然在田里干活。
No matter what I do or how I do it,he always thinks I am wrong.
不管我做什么，也不管我怎么做，他总是认为我错了。
5.目的状语从句
(1)译在主语前面
示例
We should set out early so that we might catch the early bus.
为了赶上早班车，我们很早就动身了。
They left before noon for fear that it rained heavily.
为了避开大雨，他们中午前就走了。
(2)译在主语后面
示例
My teacher emphasized the matter again and again，lest we should forget.
老师反复强调这一事情，免得我们忘记。
The kids ran to the woods quickly for fear that they would be caught.
孩子们飞快地往树林里跑，以防被抓住。
6.结果状语从句
示例
The snow was so heavy that we stayed at home.
雪下得很大，结果我们只能待在家里了。
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