2020雅思口语考试：Parenting 养育孩子
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do their homework on time 按时完成家庭作业
They do their homework on time; their writing is neat; they keep their bedroom tidy; they are often a little shy; they want to help their parents; they use their brakes when cycling down a hill.
他们按时完成家庭作业;他们的书写整洁;他们保持卧室整洁;他们往往有点害羞，他们想帮助他们的父母，他们骑自行车下山时会使用刹车
don't pose many immediate problems 不会带来许多直接的问题
Because they don't pose many immediate problems, we tend to assume all is well with good children.因为它们不会带来许多直接的问题，我们倾向于认为好孩子都好.
graffiti the underpass 在地下通道涂鸦
They aren't the target for particular concern; that goes to the kids who are graffitiing the underpass.他们不需要花精力特别照顾;不像在在地下通道涂鸦的捣蛋鬼。
do everything that's expected of them 做了他们期望的一切
People imagine the good children are fine; because they do everything that's expected of them.人们想象好的孩子很好因为他们做了他们期望的一切。
is precisely the problem 正是问题所在
And that, of course, is precisely the problem.当然，这正是问题所在。
excessive /ɪkˈsesɪv/ compliance /kəmˈplaɪəns/ 过度服从
The secret sorrows - and future difficulties - of the good boy or girl begin with their inner need for excessive compliance.好孩子们隐藏的悲伤和未来的困难开始于他们内心需要过度服从。
by a quirk of nature 出于天性的一种怪癖
The good child isn't good because by a quirk of nature they simply have no inclination to be anything else.
好孩子并不好，因为出于天性的一种怪癖，他们本来就想不出做其它事情。
is a necessity rather than a choice是一种必然性而不是一种选择
They are good because they have no other option. Their goodness is a necessity rather than a choice.
他们是好的，因为他们没有其他选择他们的优秀是一种必然性而不是一种选择
couldn't cope with any more complications or difficulties 没法应对很多难题和麻烦的父母
Many good children are good out of love of a depressed harassed parent who makes it clear they just couldn't cope with any more complications or difficulties.
好孩子们都深爱着他们的父母，那些郁闷疲倦没法应对很多难题和麻烦的父母。
become catastrophically /ˌkætəˈstrɒfɪkli/ frightening 变得让人特别恐惧的
at any sign of less than perfect conduct 表现不好时
Or maybe they are very good to soothe a violently angry parent who could become catastrophically frightening at any sign of less than perfect conduct.他们用好的表现来安抚在他们表现不好时会突然变可怕暴躁的父母
gain a sliver of their interest 引起他们的一点点注意
Or perhaps the parent was very busy and distracted; only by being very good could the child hope to gain a sliver of their interest.或者父母很忙，工作心烦意乱，只有孩子表现的好才能引起他们的一点点注意。
repression 压制
produces short-term pleasant obedience 产生短暂的愉快的服从
stores up a huge amount of difficulty in later life 在将来的生活中储存了大量的困难
But this repression of more challenging emotions, though it produces short-term pleasant obedience, stores up a huge amount of difficulty in later life.但这种压制会带来反抗的情绪，尽管它产生短暂的愉快的服从，却会在将来的生活中储存了大量的困难。
spot signs of exaggerated politeness 注意过分礼貌的迹象
treat it as the grave danger it really is 把它当作极度的危险的信号
Practiced educators and parents should spot signs of exaggerated politeness - and treat it as the grave danger it really is.有经验的父母应该注意过分礼貌的迹象，把它当作极度的危险的信号。
becomes a keeper of too many secrets 成为了秘密的守护者
The good child becomes a keeper of too many secrets and an appalling communicator of unpopular but important things.
好孩子成为了秘密的守护者，也是不受欢迎但重要的事情的令人震惊的沟通者。
say lovely words 说着令人愉快的话
experts in satisfying the expectations of their audiences 是满足观众期望的专家
their real thoughts and feelings stay buried 把真正的想法和感情埋藏起来
generate psychosomatic /ˌsaɪkəʊsəˈmætɪk/symptoms 产生心身症状
sulphurous bitterness 地狱般的痛苦
They say lovely words, they are experts in satisfying the expectations of their audiences, but their real thoughts and feelings stay buried and then generate psychosomatic symptoms, twitches, sudden outbursts and sulphurous bitterness.他们说着令人愉快的话，他们是满足观众期望的专家，但他们把真正的想法和感情埋藏起来，并且产生心身症状，抽搐、突然爆发和地狱般的痛苦。
tolerate their badness容忍他们坏的一面
The sickness of the good child is that they have no experience of other people being able to tolerate their badness.好孩子的疾病是他们没有体会过别人能容忍他们坏的一面的经历。
display envious, greedy, egomaniacal/ˌiːɡəʊməˈnaɪəkl; ˌeɡəʊməˈnaɪəkl/ sides 表现出嫉妒，贪婪，利已的一面
They have missed out a vital privilege accorded to the healthy child; that of being able to display envious, greedy, egomaniacal sides and yet be tolerated and loved nevertheless.他们错过了给健康孩子的一项重要的特权;能够表现出嫉妒，贪婪，利已的一面，然而，无论如何都还会被宽容和爱着。
be praised for being pure and innocent 被称赞为纯洁无邪
The good person typically has particular problems around sex.As a child, they may have been praised for being pure and innocent. As they become an adult however, like all of us, they discover the ecstasies of sex, which can be beautifully perverse and excitingly disgusting.好人通常在性方面有特殊的问题。为一个孩子，他们可能被称赞为纯洁无邪，当他们成为成人，像我们一样，他们发现两性的美好，堕落和心跳。
be radically at odds with 与...有很大差异
But this may be radically at odds with the picture of what they believe they are allowed to be like.这与他们认为自己被允许的样子完全不同。
disavow their desires 否认自己的欲望
is destructive to other bits of their lives 对他们生活的其他部分是破坏性的
leaves them disgusted and frightened 使他们厌恶和害怕
They may in response disavow their desires, go cold and detached from their bodies- or perhaps give in to their longings only in a disproportionate way that is destructive to other bits of their lives and leaves them disgusted and frightened.他们的反应可能会否认自己的欲望，冷漠地从他的肉体分离 - 或者只是以不成比例的方式放弃他们的渴望，这对他们生活的其他部分是破坏性的，使他们厌恶和害怕。
never make trouble 从来不惹麻烦
take care not to annoy anyone 小心不要惹恼任何人
At work, the good adult has problems too.As a child, they follow the rules; never make trouble and take care not to annoy anyone.在工作中，好的成年人也有问题。作为一个孩子，他们遵循规则;不要惹麻烦，小心不要惹恼任何人。
get you very far in adult life 让你在成年生活中走得很远
But following the rules won't get you very far in adult life.但是遵守规则不会让你在成年生活中走得很远。
meet with a degree of opposition 会遇到一定程度的反对
Almost everything that's interesting, worth doing or important will meet with a degree of opposition.几乎所有有趣的东西，值得做的或重要的事都会遇到一定程度的反对。
disappoint certain people 让某些人失望
very much be worth holding on to 非常值得坚持下去
A brilliant idea will always disappoint certain people - and yet very much be worth holding on to.一个绝妙的想法总会让某些人失望，但却非常值得坚持下去。
is condemned to career mediocrity /ˌmiːdiˈɒkrəti/ 一生注定要平庸
The good child is condemned to career mediocrity and sterile people-pleasing.好孩子一生注定要平庸，乏味的取悦别人。
involves a frank, unfrightened relationship with 坦白承认
Being properly mature involves a frank, unfrightened relationship with one's own darkness, complexity and ambition.成熟涉及到坦白承认自己内心的黑暗，自己的复杂性和野心。
explore and hold on to it 探索和坚持
It involves accepting that not everything that makes us happy will please others or be honoured as especially 'nice' by society -but that it can be important to explore and hold on to it nevertheless.它包括承认不是做所有的讨好别人，或被舆论普遍称之为"好"的东西都可以让我们快乐，重要的是对事情的探索和坚持。
be fruitfully and bravely bad 更多的地勇敢地变坏
The desire to be good is one of the loveliest things in the world, but in order to have a genuinely good life, we may sometimes need to be (by the standards of the good child) fruitfully and bravely bad.渴望变好是世界上最可爱的东西，但是为了有一个真正的好生活，有时我们可能需要(以好孩子为标准)更多的地勇敢地变坏。
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