2020翻译考试备考资料：抗击新冠肺炎疫情（九）

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三、具体措施

Effective Measures

1. 国务院联防联控工作机制

习近平多次作出重要指示，要求加强联防联控工作，筑牢群防群治的严密防线。2020年1月20日，结合新冠肺炎疫情防控形势，针对春节期间人群流动大的特点，国家卫生健康委召开会议强调，全国卫生系统要健全联防联控工作机制，完善多部门联防联控疫情预案，强化对地方工作的指导和支持。1月21日，中国政府将新冠肺炎疫情防控上升到国家层面，启动国务院应对新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎疫情联防联控机制(简称“国务院联防联控机制”)。

联防联控工作机制是中国政府为防控新冠肺炎疫情作出的一项制度性安排，以疫情防控为中心，打破部门职责的界限，实现疫情防范应对工作的立体化、全覆盖和高效协同。国务院联防联控机制由国卫生健康委牵头，成员单位共32个部门，下设疫情防控、医疗救治、科研攻关、宣传、外事、后勤保障、前方工作等工作组，分别由相关部委负责同志任组长，明确职责，分工协作，形成防控疫情的有效合力。截至2月28日，国务院联防联控机制多次召开新闻发布会，累计印发了30余项通知、技术指引和工作方案文件，介绍疫情防控、物资保障、科研攻关、复工复产等相关工作最新进展，解读政策措施，回应各方关切。

在党中央国务院决策部署下，各省市相继构建联防联控、群防群控体系，依法、科学、有序开展疫情防控工作。

The Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council

Xi Jinping has reiterated the importance of society-wide efforts in epidemic prevention and control, and of building a strict line of defense by mobilizing the public.

On January 20, facing the outbreak of the epidemic and considering the large mobility of people during the upcoming Spring Festival break, the NHC proposed setting up a joint anti-epidemic prevention and control mechanism within the national health system, improving inter-agency preparation and coordination, and providing guidance and support to relevant local work.

On January 21, the Chinese government upgraded the joint mechanism to the national level and launched the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council in Response to the Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (“Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council” for short).

The Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council is an institutional arrangement made by the Chinese government. Focusing on the mission of epidemic prevention and control, the mechanism breaks down the boundaries of different government departments and agencies and has achieved inter-agency coordination with high efficiency. With the NHC as the coordinator, a total of 32 central government departments cooperate under the mechanism, with internal work teams set up covering epidemic prevention and control, medical treatment, scientific research, publicity, foreign affairs, logistics support, and work at the front line. These work teams are each headed by a leading official of a relevant ministry or commission with clear duties and division of labor. They form strong synergy against the epidemic through close collaboration.

In addition to holding press conferences, the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council had issued more than 30 notices, technical guidelines and work plans by February 28, briefing the public about the latest progress in epidemic prevention and control, material supplies, scientific research and resumption of work and production, interpreting policies and measures, and responding to public concerns.

Following the decisions and deployment of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, all provinces and cities have established joint prevention and control mechanisms and mechanisms for society-wide efforts against the virus, and taken law-abiding, science-based and orderly measures to fight the epidemic.

2. 武汉“封城”

2020年1月22日，党中央果断要求湖北省对人员外流实施全面严格管控。1月23日，湖北省新冠肺炎疫情防控指挥部指挥长会议通告，1月23日10时起，武汉全市城市公交、地铁、轮渡、长途客运暂停运营;无特殊原因，市民不要离开武汉，机场、火车站离汉通道暂时关闭。为遏制疫情发展，1月25日，武汉市进一步阻断武昌、汉口、汉阳“武汉三镇”之间的公共交通，从1月26日0时起，除经许可的保供运输车、免费交通车、公务用车外，武汉中心城区区域实行机动车禁行管理。

这些“封城”措施，是有效阻断疫情传播、遏制疫情蔓延的必要之举。但“封城”并不意味着“孤城”或“围城”。为确保基本生活不受影响，武汉市新冠肺炎防控指挥部及时通告物资储备和供应情况，呼吁市民不用恐慌，不必囤积;开通24小时电话接收社会各界爱心捐赠，做好物资接收调配工作;紧急征集6000台出租车分配给各社区，为辖区居民出行提供免费服务，解决居家出行不便等问题。

武汉是中国中西部地区的中心城市，是全国重要交通枢纽。“封城”对武汉影响巨大。然而面对疫情，武汉、湖北和中国果断采取了有力措施和行动，做出了巨大努力和牺牲，为全球疫情防控赢得了宝贵时间。

Wuhan in Lockdown

On January 22, 2020, the CPC Central Committee decisively demanded Hubei province implement comprehensive and strict control over personnel outflow.

On January 23, a meeting held by the Epidemic Prevention and Control Headquarter of Wuhan announced that from 10:00 a.m. on January 23, 2020, the city’s urban bus, subway, ferry and long-distance passenger transportation would be suspended, the departure channels of airport and railway stations be temporarily closed, and the citizens should not leave Wuhan without special reason.

To contain the epidemic from further spreading, Wuhan blocked public transportation between Wuchang, Hankou and Hanyang on January 25. From 00:00 on January 26, all non-essential vehicles were banned in downtown Wuhan except for vehicles with permits that are used to guarantee material supply, provide free transportation, and serve public affairs.

These lockdown measures are highly necessary to effectively block the virus and curb the epidemic from spreading. But a lockdown does not mean putting Wuhan out on a limb or leaving it desperately alone. To ensure the citizens’ basic life not be affected much, the Epidemic Prevention and Control Headquarter of Wuhan has made prompt briefings on the city’s material reserves and supplies, and reminded the public that there is no need for panic or hoarding. A 24-hour hotline was opened to receive donations from all walks of life, and solid measures have been taken to receive and deploy the donated properties. A total of 6,000 taxis have been urgently mobilized to serve communities and provide free services for those in need.

Wuhan is a key city in central China and an important transportation hub of the country. The lockdown has yielded a great impact on the city. However, in the face of the epidemic, Wuhan, Hubei and China have resolutely taken effective measures and actions, and by making great efforts and sacrifices, they have bought valuable time for the whole world to fight against the epidemic.

4. 外防输入、内防扩散

新冠肺炎疫情发生时恰逢中国春节返乡高峰，控制新增、防止扩散是疫情防控工作的关键所在。以习近平同志为核心的党中央多次要求各省市采取针对性措施，做到外防输入、内防扩散。这是针对非疫情防控重点地区、人口流动大省大市的一项差异化防控策略。

社区是疫情联防联控的第一线，也是外防输入、内防扩散最有效的防线。通过把好入口关，强化网格化管理，守好社区防控，筑牢安全防线，可以有效切断传染源，控制新增输入性病例，防止疫情扩散蔓延。

疫情防控期间，中共中央国务院还发出了减少人员流动、协同抗击疫情的号召，通过及时延长春节假期，提前部署延迟开学、灵活复工、错峰出行，并在健康监测、人员管理等方面采取严格措施，坚决抓好外防输入、内防扩散两大环节。

Preventing the Coronavirus from Entering and Spreading Within a Region

The outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic coincides with the home return peak during China’s Spring Festival break. Controlling the number of infections and preventing the spread of the virus is the key to epidemic control. The CPC Central Committee with Xi Jinping at its core has repeatedly urged all provinces and municipalities to take targeted measures and prevent the coronavirus from entering and spreading within the regions under their jurisdiction. This is a differentiated strategy for the regions that are not vital for epidemic prevention and control as well as for the provinces and municipalities with mass transient populations.

The community is the front line of joint prevention and control, and also the most effective line of defense against imported cases and spread from within. By deploying tight check at the entrance and strict grid management, the community can build strong defense and effectively cut off the infection source.

The CPC Central Committee and the State Council also called on the public to refrain from traveling and thus contribute to the epidemic fight. For this end, flexible measures have been adopted in advance such as extending the Spring Festival holiday, postponing the reopening of schools, flexible resumption of work, and staggering the time of return trips of workers. Meanwhile, strict health monitoring and personnel management has been taken to firmly prevent the spread of the virus within a certain region while guarding against imported cases.

4. “一人一方案” “一人一团队”

2020年1月20日，武汉市新冠肺炎疫情防控指挥部工作会议提出，全力做好患者救治工作，对重症患者“一人一方案”“一人一团队”，确保轻症患者尽快治愈出院。

采取“一人一方案”“一人一团队”措施，就是调集一切资源，以最强的技术力量、最佳的护理服务，为患者精准提供医护团队和诊疗方案，开展及时、高效、有针对性的治疗，提高治愈率。全国各地在救治工作中纷纷采用了这一模式。

在疫情形势依然严峻复杂，防控处在最吃劲的关键阶段，采取“一人一方案”“一人一团队”措施是落实“集中患者、集中专家、集中资源、集中救治”要求的具体体现，也是行之有效的救治工作经验。

A Dedicated Team and a Personalized Treatment Plan for Each Patient

On January 20, the Epidemic Prevention and Control Headquarter of Wuhan decided to exert all-out efforts in the treatment of patients. For severe cases, the practice of “a dedicated team and a personalized treatment plan for each patient” will be applied, and mild cases will be cured and discharged as early as possible.

In adopting such a practice, it is highly necessary to mobilize all resources to provide patients customized medical teams and targeted diagnosis and treatment schemes with the strongest technical force and the best nursing service, and carry out timely, efficient and targeted treatment to raise the recovery rate. This practice has been widely adopted in the treatment of patients across the country.

While the epidemic situation is still grim and complex, and prevention and control work is in the most critical stage, this practice complies with the principle of “treating the infected in dedicated facilities by senior medical professionals from all over the country and with all necessary resources.” It has been proved effective in treating the patients.

5. 集中拉网式大排查

2020年2月17日至19日, 武汉市展开集中拉网式大排查, 对各区各街道辖区居民进行筛查甄别，坚持“不落一户、不漏一人”。这是坚持人民生命至上、遵循应收尽收原则的具体举措。

集中拉网式大排查以社区为基础，彻底排查清“四类人员”(即确诊患者、疑似患者、无法排除感染可能的发热患者、确诊患者的密切接触者)，推动落实“五个百分之百”工作目标(即确诊患者百分之百应收尽收、疑似患者百分之百核酸检测、发热病人百分之百进行检测、密切接触者百分之百隔离、小区村庄百分之百实行24小时封闭管理)。

这次大排查运用人工智能技术，大大提高了工作效率，在3天时间内完成3300多个社区、村湾近1000万人口的清底排查。在此基础上，通过大数据平台整合归并医院、疾控中心、医保、公安、民政、通信运营商等相关单位的信息数据，对“四类人员”有针对性地开展核酸检测、流行病调查，精准快速地锁定密切接触者，并在第一时间实施隔离，形成了对传染源的有效锁定和有效阻断。

Massive Dragnet Screening of Potential Virus Carriers

From February 17 to 19, Wuhan launched a massive dragnet screening of potential virus carriers among its residents in every community, “leaving no one unscreened.” This follows the belief that “saving lives is of paramount importance,” and the principle of getting all confirmed cases hospitalized for treatment.

This large-scale screening was conducted in search of the four groups of people (i.e. confirmed cases, suspected cases, febrile patients who cannot rule out the possibility of infection, and close contacts), in order to ensure 100 percent of admission for confirmed cases, 100 percent of nucleic acid tests for suspected cases, 100 percent of diagnosis for febrile patients, 100 percent of isolation for close contacts, and 100 percent of 24-hour close-off management of communities and villages.

By the use of AI technology, the investigation was conducted with great efficiency, and reached approximately 10 million people in more than 3,300 communities and villages within three days. Based on the big data platform, the information collected was integrated with the records kept in the hospitals, disease control centers, medical insurance agencies, public security and civil affairs authorities, telecommunication carriers and other relevant units. Targeted nucleic acid tests and epidemiological studies were carried out on the four groups of people, which helped to accurately and rapidly find close contacts and isolate them without delay, therefore effectively identifying and blocking the infection source.

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